Ventilating and circulating system



March 9, 1943. J. B. SHAVER VENTILATING AND CIRCULATING SYSTEM FiledOct. 24, 1939 Jam; TB $23523 Patented Mar. 9 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT.OFFICE] 2,313,678 VENTIIATINGAND cmcom'rma SYSTEM James B. Shaver,Cleveland, Ohio Application October 24,1939, Serial No. 300,977 Claims.(01. es -3s) This invention relates to ventilating and circulatingsystems.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved system or method ofair distribution.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will distributeair.

Another object is to provide an improved ap dled.

Another object is to provide an improved ap.

paratus which will be simple in construction.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will beefllcient in operation.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus in which parts willbe easily accessible.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will becompact.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which may be easilyinstalled.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus in which the airsupply may be varied at will.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which maybeeconomically produced.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which may beeconomically operated.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention will be better understood from the description of onepractical embodiment accompanying drawing the side of the apparatusappearing at the left in Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, taken in the opposite directiontherefrom.

Ventilating systems heretofore have quite customarily been caused todeliver air to rooms, generally by blowing it into the rooms, and ithas, of course, been common practice to install electric fans whichagitate the, air within a room.

While such means have obtained circulation in a measure, we all knowthat they are inadequate during the periods when circulation andventilation is most required, as in the hotter days of summer, and,likewise in the colder days of winter when the proper distribution ofheated air is necessary.

According to the system of the present invention, air is not merelypumped into a room, nor blown about promiscuously within this space, butcertain definite currents are established. these being related to amain'current or stream of a large volume of air moving at relativelyhigh velocity and traveling well over the heads of the occupants of theroom. This current conveniently is caused to travel adjacent to theceiling.-

An induced current, having the same volume of air, but of greatercross-section andso moving at much reduced velocity, returns along thelower part of the room, and air from the high speed main current movingout laterally and descending throughout the main volume of the room,reaches every part of it.

To achieve this result, it is necessary to proiect the highvelocitycurrent in a fairly compact and well, defined stream in a directionwhich will cause it to pass with relatively little turbulence, beingclear of obstructions or of impinging ab- 'ruptly on surfaces until itreaches the far end of the room.

. Of course. some eddies will be formed at the sides of and underneaththe main stream, and these will abstract or divert quantities of air asthe stream passes along, but some portion of the high velocity streamcontinues on its course substantially to the wall remote from thecirculating apparatus, in order that the entire body of air within theroom may be moved.

This is illustrated somewhat diagrammatically in Figure 1, in which thecirculating apparatus is indicated generally at i, this being mounted inalignment with the closed position of the upper sash 2 of a window. Thewindow also includes a lower sash 3 and frame 4 set into .a wall 5.

The circulating apparatus is, therefore, in the upper portion of theroom, but not immediately adjacent the ceiling 6.

It is arranged to project air by means of circulating apparatus anddirecting vanes or the like, which will be described hereinafter, in anupwardly direction toward the ceiling. but not in such a direction thatit will strike the celling so abruptly as to create turbulence.

The stream 1, when it reaches the ceiling,

therefore, continues along in contact therewith, as indicated generallyby the arrows. 8 in Figure 1, throughout its course. This stream isabove the normal headspace of the room, so that cupants are notsubjected to discomfort from the rapidly moving current. Some of the airof the stream is separated therefrom by eddy currents and friction withsurrounding air, falling toward the floor and spreading toward thesides. while the air which reaches the remote wall passes down alongthis wall, probbaly with some little turbulence at this point, due toits right angle change in course.

Air for re-circulation returns to the circulating apparatus, asindicated by the arrows 9 in the part of the figure, while fresh airfrom the outside may be drawn in the manner indicated by the arrows ID.

The circulating apparatus consists of a supporting frame comprising arectangular plate ll, shown as supported on a Z-bar l2 adapted to beconnected to the window frame, the plate being reinforced by twometallic angles [3.

The plate is cut away to provide a circular opening Hi, the centralportion of which is covered by as aller circular plate l5 secured to theupright a les l3, while the space between the outer and inner plates iscovered by a screen l6 such as of wire mesh.

Two horizontal channels I! are secured to'the angles, as by welding, andproject inwardly, carrying at their inner ends a 'motor l8 provided witha fan or impeller i9.

Secured to the plate H and surrounding the circular opening is acylindrical shell 2|], provided in its cylindrical surface with a numberof apertures 2|.

.The end of the shell remote from the plate is flanged inwardly, asindicated at 22.

Supporting arms 23 are secured to channels 11 and support a secondcylindrical shell 24 of smaller diameter than and concentric with thefirst mentioned cylindrical shell 20.. This shell terminates in anoutwardly extending flange 25 in alinement with the flange 22 of thefirst mentioned shell, and at its other end terminates in a ring 26supporting a plurality of transverse able fastenings, such as wing nuts32, tumbuttons, or the like, so that its filter 80 can be revanes orlouvres 21 which direct the air upwardly.

An annular baflie 28 is carried by the interior of the second cylinder,approaching closely adjacent the tips of the impeller blades Hi.

This bafile, together with the cylindrical casing 24, forms a kind ofnozzle, concentrating the stream of air as it passes through theimpeller, and causing it to move with substantially no internalturbulence in a relatively compact mass or stream. The inclination ofvanes 21 is such that they d rect this stream upwardly withoutnoticeably agitating it.

A circular plate 29 having a concentric-circular opening theret-hroughis arranged to overlie the space between flanges 22 and 25, and to it issecured a hollow cylindrical body 30 of filtering material, which may bemetal mesh, mineral wool or other fibrousmaterial, or any desiredsubstance through which air may pass and which will remove dirttherefrom.

A cylindrical shutter 3| is arranged to be selectively moved to positioncovering or uncovering the openings 2|, while the opening through platell may be covered or uncovered by raising or lowering the window sash 2,so that air may be caused to enter the space between the shell and thefilter cylinder either through the end moved easily for cleaning orreplacement without disturbing other parts of the apparatus.

I It will be noted that the filter is on the intake side of the fan, andso does not in any way create turbulence in the stream of airdischarged, or in any other way impair the efilciency of the fan.

The louvres, while directing the air upwardly, are set at a low angle ofincidence to prevent their imparting so abrupt a change in direction asto cause turbulence of the air in any marked degree at this point.

If desired, heating and cooling elements may be included with thecirculating apparatus shown which may be of any desired or well knowntype. such as coils of tubing, resistance wiring and the like, andtherefore need no illustration.

If, because of the shape of the room, or for any other reason, it isdesired to change the course of the main stream, a second circulatingdevice, similar to that above described, may be positioned with itsintake arranged to receive the main stream, and so that the secondcirculating device projects it in an altered direction. This device maycorrespond precisely to that above described, but it will be apparentthat the need for the filter will be much less, and that this may beomitted without very noticeable results.

However, it is important that the air stream, upon such change incourse, again be projected through a concentrating and directing outletsuch as a Venturi-nozzle-like baflie 28.

A second circulating device may also be used, if desired, when extremelylong spaces are to be ventilated, to pick up the stream, impartingadditional force to it at an intermediate point.

While I have described the illustrated embodiment of my invention insome particularity, obviously many others will readily occur to thoseskilled in this art, and I do not therefore limit myself to the precisedetails shown and described herein, but claim as my invention allembodiments, variations and modifications coming within the scope of theappended claims.

I claim:

1. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing having an air inletadjacent the periphery thereof and closed at its end adjacent andcentrally with respect to said inlet, a tubular filter within the casingand spaced inwardly from said air inlet, 'an impeller having its intakearranged to draw air from within the filter, and driving means operablyconnected to said impeller.

2. Ventilatingapparatus comprising a tubular casing having an air inletadjacent the periphery thereof and closed at its end adjacent andcentrally with respect to said inlet, a tubular filter within the casingand spaced inwardly from said air inlet, an impeller having its intakearranged to draw air from Within the filter, a nozzle-like elementconcentrating the air delivered by said impeller, and driving meansoperably connected to said impeller. I

3. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing, a tubular filtertherein and concentric therewith, the casing being provided with aninlet communicating with the space between the casing and filter, aclosure preventing air entering the filter axially, an impeller mountedadjacent one end of the casing, a cylindrical casing surrounding theimpeller and concentric with the first mentioned casing and spacedinwardly of the filter, and driving means connected to the impeller.

4. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing, a tubular filtertherein and concentric therewith, the casing being provided with aninlet communicating with the space between the casing and filter, aclosure preventing air entering the filter axially, an impeller mountedadjacent one end of the casing, a cylindrical casing surrounding theimpeller and concentric with the first mentioned casing and spacedinwardly of the filter, and driving means connected to the impeller, thefilter being detachably secured in place and removable bodily andaxially over the last mentioned casing.

5. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing, a tubular filtertherein and concentric therewith,'the casing being provided with aninlet communicating with the space between the casing and filter, aclosure preventing air entering the filter axially, an impeller mountedadjacent one end of the casing, a cylindrical casing surrounding theimpeller and concentric with the first mentioned casing and spacedinwardly oi the filter, driving means connected to the impeller, thefilter being detachably secured in place and removable bodily andaxially over the last mentioned casing, and means controlling said inletto the first mentioned casing.

JAMES B. SHAVER.

